The Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Medication Adherence Among Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending the Diabetes Clinic in a Tertiary Health Institution in South- South Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47941/ijhmnp.1067Keywords:
Perceived social support, Medication adherence, Type 2 Diabetes mellitusAbstract
Purpose: Medication adherence can be defined as the extent to which a patient’s behaviour corresponds to the medication dosing regimen including time, dosing, and interval of medication intake. In chronic conditions with long-term therapies like hypertension, diabetes, depression, etc., adherence is important in achieving target outcomes but is often low. It has long been recognized that support from family, friends and significant others do play a role in helping diabetics adhere to their medication which might lead to optimal glycaemic control. This study set out to find out what influence perceived social support has, as regards medication adherence among adult type 2 diabetic Nigerians assessing care in Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria.
Methodology: The study was conducted on 244 participants who attended the diabetic clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba from September to November 2018. Data was collected by means of an interviewer-administered questionnaire comprising of 3 sections. Section A was for sociodemographic characteristics, section B was the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale for information on medication adherence and section C was the modified Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to collect information on perceived social support.
Findings: All the recruited 244 participants completed the study giving a response rate of 100. The age range of the respondents was 18 to 87 years with a mean age of 51.9 ± 6.1 years. Females accounted for a higher percentage of respondents [60.2%] compared to their male counterparts [39.8%]. Good total perceived social support was significantly associated with high medication adherence [p=0.0001]. A good total perceived social support (OR = 3.27; 95% CI = 2.25 - 4.71; P = 0.0001) has 3.27 times the odds for high medication adherence than a poor total perceived social support.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study shows that high medication adherence is significantly associated with good perceived social support. It is important that healthcare providers caring for patients with type 2 diabetes involve families, friends, or significant others in their management so as to improve their medication adherence. Routine evaluation of perceived social support is also recommended for type 2 diabetes patients with poor medication adherence.
Downloads
References
Nasir TW, Mulugeta TA, Sadikalmandi H. Medication adherence in diabetes mellitus and self-mangement practicesamong type 2 diabetics in Ethiopia. NAMJ Med Sci 2011; 9: 418-423
Gast A, Mathes T. Medication adherence influencing factors – an (updated) overview of systemic reviews. Sys Rev 8, 112 (2019). https:// doi.org /10.1186/s13643-019-1014-8
Cramer JA, Roy A, Burrell A, Fair child CJ, Fuldeore MJ, Ollendorf DA, et al. Medication compliance and persistency, terminology and definitions. Value Health, 2008;11 (1): 44-7
Sabate E. Adherence to long term therapies: evidence for action. Available from URL: http://apps,who. int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42682. Assessed 12/05/2022.
Folasire OF, Akinyemi O, Owoaje E. Perceived social support among HIV+ve and HIV-ve people in Ibadan, Nigeria. World Journal of AIDS 2014; 4:15-26.
Lee AA, Piette J, Heisler M, Janevic MR, Langa KM, Rosland AM. Family members experiences supporting adults with chronic illness. A national survey. Families, Systems and Health. 2017; 35 (4) 463-473
Araoye MO. Research methodology with statistics for Health and Social Sciences. Ilorin, Nigeria: Nathedex Publishers. 2003: p115-129
Adisa R, Fakeye TO, Fasanmade A. Medication adherence among ambulatory patients with T2DM in a tertiary health care setting in Southwestern Nigeria. Pharmacy practice (Internet) 2011 Apr-Jun; 9(2): 72-81. www.Pharmacy practice .org (ISSN: 1886-3655) 72.
Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, Ward HJ. Predictive Validity of medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2008;10(5): 348-354
Abhinav G, Mansi O. Self-reported Morisky Eight Item Medication Scale is a Reliable and Valid Measure of Compliance to Statins in Hyperlipidaemic Patients in India. Indian Heart Journal 72(4):2020 doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2020.06.016
Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment 1988;52: 30-41
Ilori T, Ladipo MM, Ogunbode AM, Obimakinde AM. Knee osteoarthritis and perceived social support amongst patients in a family medicine clinic. South African Family Practice 2016: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20786190.2016.1198086.
Ufuoma C, Godwin YD, Kester AD, Ngoji JC. Determinants of glycaemic control among persons with Type 2 DM in Niger Delta. Sahel Med J 2016;19: 190-195
Biru TT. Glycaemic control and its determinants among Ambulatory patients with Type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes 2017;8: 757.doi.10.4172/2155-6156.
Iloh GUP, Ofoedu JN, Njoku PU, Amadi AN, Godswill- Uko EU. Blood glucose control and medication adherence among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus Nigerians attending a primary care clinic in under- sourced environment of Eastern Nigeria. N. Am J Med Sci 2012;4(7): 310-315
Kalyani RR, Golden SH, Cefalu WT. Diabetes Mellitus and Aging: Unique Considerations and Goals of Care. Diabetes Care 2017;40(4):440-443
Nduati AJ, Simon K, Eva N, Lawrence M. Factors associated with glycaemic control among Type 2 DM patients attending Mathari National Teaching Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. J Endocrinol Diab 2016; 3(6); 1-11
Onodugo OD, Ezeala- Adikaibe BA, Anyim OB, Onodugo P, Anyim IN, Mbadiwe NC, et al. Glycaemic control among medical outpatients in Enugu. A cross sectional survey. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2019;9: 50-61
Anthony OK, Bevis OD, Uchechi IM. Prevalence and awareness of diabetes mellitus in rural communities of Abuja, Nigeria. Texila International Journal of Public Health 2019;7(2): 1-11
Thompson AE, Anisimowicz Y, Miedoma B, Hogg W, Wodchis WP, Aubrey Bassler K. The influence of gender and other patient characteristics on healthcare seeking behaviour: a QUALICOPC study. BMC, Family Practic 2016, Mar 31; 17(1):38
Ogbera AO, Ekpebegh C. Diabetes mellitus in Nigeria: the past, present and future. World J Diabetes 2014; 5: 905-911
Hamidreza KT, Farah M, Mohsen KN, Mohsen H, Gholamhossein M. Impact of family support improvement behaviour on anti-diabetic medication adherence and cognition in Type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13: 113
Arulmozhi S, Mahalakshmy J. Self-care and medication adherence among type 2 diabetes in puducherry, Southern India. A hospital-based study. J Clin Diag Res 2014; 8 (4): 1-3
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
